Glossary
A comprehensive glossary of terms used in the capital markets, IoT, telemetry, and data infrastructure.
A
ACID TableAdaptive Trading AlgorithmsAggregation PipelineAI-Augmented Portfolio OptimizationAlert ThresholdingAlgorithmic Execution StrategiesAlgorithmic Portfolio RebalancingAlgorithmic Risk ControlsAlgorithmic Stablecoins and Systemic RiskAlgorithmic TradingAlternative Data SourcesAlternative Liquidity PoolsAnomaly Detection in Industrial SystemsAnomaly Detection in Time Series DataAnomaly ScoreApache IcebergApache Parquet, What It Is and Why to Use ItAppend-only LogAppend-only StorageArbitrage-Free Pricing ModelsArithmetic CodingAsset Price CorrelationAtomic TransactionsAuction MechanismsAutocorrelation FunctionAvro
B
BackfillBackpressure HandlingBacktestingBASE ModelBasel IIIBatch IngestionBatch vs. Stream ProcessingBayesian Inference in Quant TradingBayesian UpdatingBenchmark IndexBinomial Option Pricing ModelBlack-Scholes Model for Option PricingBlack-Scholes Model LimitationsBlock Trade ReportingBlockchain-Based Repo MarketsBootstrap ResamplingBuy-Side vs Sell-Side Trading
C
CAP TheoremCapital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)Capital Markets InfrastructureCardinality EstimationCausal Inference in Economic Time SeriesCentral Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) ModelsChange Data Capture (CDC)Classification in Statistical AnalysisClock DriftCloud-native DatabaseCluster RebalancingCold Start QueryCold vs Hot StorageColumn PruningColumnar DatabaseColumnar File FormatColumnar vs Row-Oriented DatabasesCommodity Price IndexCommon Table ExpressionCompactionComplex Event Processing (CEP)Comprehensive Overview of Finite Difference Methods for Option PricingCompression RatioComputational FinanceConcurrency ControlConsensus AlgorithmContinuous AuditingContinuous Data IntegrationContinuous Query ProcessingConvexity Adjustments in Interest Rate DerivativesConvexity HedgingCopula Functions for Correlation ModelingCopy-on-writeCost-based OptimizerCoupon Bond Pricing FormulaCredible IntervalCredit Default Swap CDS PricingCross-asset CorrelationCross-asset Trading StrategiesCross-Border Payment SettlementCross-Chain Liquidity AggregationCross-correlationCrossed MarketCRUDCumulative Sum Control ChartCurve Fitting in Time Series Analysis
D
Dark PoolsData Archiving for Time-series DatabasesData Compression Techniques for Time SeriesData Integrity VerificationData Lake Query EngineData Partitioning StrategiesData ProvenanceData Retention PolicyData ShardingData SparsityData StreamingDatabase PartitioningDecentralized Clearing MechanismsDecentralized Identity VerificationDeduplication KeyDeep Learning for Order Flow PredictionDelta HedgingDelta Hedging vs Gamma HedgingDelta-Neutral Hedging StrategiesDelta-Neutral Portfolio ConstructionDerivatives Pricing ModelsDickey-Fuller TestDifferential EntropyDigital Asset Custody and Cold StorageDistributed SQLDownsampling (data processing)Downsampling StrategyDynamic Hedging
E
Edge BufferingEigenvector CentralityEnergy Market ForecastingEntropy Measures in Financial Data CompressionEvent BatchEvent EnvelopeEvent SourcingEvent TimeEvent-driven MicroservicesEventual ConsistencyExchange Co-Location StrategiesExecution AlgorithmsExecution Slippage MeasurementExotic Derivatives PricingExotic Option StructuresExponential Moving AverageExponential Smoothing
F
Fair Value Models in TradingFama-French Three-Factor ModelFault Tolerant SystemsFederated Query EnginesFile CompactionFill ProbabilityFilter ClauseFinancial Instrument Reference DataFinancial Risk ModelingFirst-Write-WinsFixed Income AnalyticsFixed Income Trading PlatformsFlash CrashFlash Loan ArbitrageForecast HorizonForecasting in Time Series or Statistical AnalysisFourier Transform in High Frequency Trading Signal ProcessingFront RunningFull Table ScanFutures Basis and Cost of Carry Models
G
H
Hash JoinHeartbeat EventHeatmap AggregationHedging Strategies with Futures ContractsHeston Model for Stochastic VolatilityHidden Markov Models in Order Flow PredictionHidden OrdersHigh AvailabilityHigh CardinalityHigh Frequency Data SamplingHigh Frequency Mean Reversion StrategiesHigh-Cardinality Time-Series MetricsHigh-frequency Sensor DataHigh-Frequency Trading RiskHistogram BinningHistorical Data ReplayHuffman CodingHyperLogLog (data structure)
I
Iceberg CatalogIceberg orderIdempotencyIdempotent WriteImmutable Data PatternImplementation Shortfall AnalysisImplied Volatility CalculationImplied Volatility SkewImplied Volatility Term StructureIndex ScanIndexing StrategyIndustrial Data HistorianIndustrial Process Control DataInformation GainInformation Ratio in Quant Trading PerformanceIngestion BufferIngestion LatencyIngestion RateIngestion SchemaIngestion TimestampInter-Dealer BrokersInterest Rate Swaps and HedgingIntertemporal Capital Asset Pricing Model (ICAPM)IoT Time-Series Data StorageIrregular Time IntervalsIto's Lemma in Stochastic Calculus
L
Ladders in Financial MarketsLag FunctionLag Operator Notation in Time Series ModelingLakehouse ArchitectureLaplace Approximation in Bayesian StatisticsLasso RegressionLate Arriving DataLatency ArbitrageLatency Arbitrage ModelsLatency Measurement TechniquesLatency SensitivityLayer 1 vs Layer 2 Scaling TradeoffsLayer 3 Scaling SolutionsLead FunctionLeader ElectionLimit Order BookLimit Orders in Financial MarketsLine ProtocolLiquidityLiquidity Adjusted Capital Asset Pricing ModelLiquidity AggregationLocality-sensitive HashingLocked and Crossed MarketsLog-likelihood FunctionLog-structured Merge TreeLow Latency Trading Networks
M
Machine Learning for Market PredictionMaker-Taker ModelMarket Abuse Regulation (MAR)Market Data Feed HandlersMarket Data Replay SystemMarket Data Time-Series DatabaseMarket Data Time-Series SchemaMarket DepthMarket Depth HeatmapMarket FragmentationMarket Impact CostMarket Impact ModelsMarket Liquidity RiskMarket Making AlgorithmsMarket Regime Change Detection with MLMarket Regime Detection Using Hidden Markov ModelsMarket Replay SystemsMarket Surveillance SystemsMarket-Making in DerivativesMarkowitz Efficient FrontierMartingale Pricing TheoryMaterializationMaterialized Lake ViewMean Reversion Trading StrategiesMean Squared Prediction Error (MSPE)Mean-Reverting Process in Quant StrategiesMean-Variance OptimizationMemory MappingMerge-on-readMessage ReplayMillisecond PrecisionMinimum Description LengthMonte Carlo Path Dependent Option PricingMonte Carlo Simulations for DerivativesMulti-version Concurrency ControlMutual Information
N
O
Object StorageOLAPOLTPOLTP vs OLAP vs Time-Series DatabasesOn-Chain vs Off-Chain SettlementOpen Data LakeOpen Format DatabasesOptimal Execution Strategies - Almgren-Chriss ModelOptimal Stopping Theory in Trading AlgorithmsORC FileOrder Book Data StorageOrder Book ImbalanceOrder Execution AlgorithmsOrder Flow Imbalance ModelsOrder Flow ToxicityOrder Imbalance StrategiesOrder LifecycleOrder Management System (OMS)Order Matching EngineOrder ThrottlingOrnstein-Uhlenbeck Process for Mean ReversionOut-of-order EventOut-of-order IngestionOutlier Detection
P
Page CachePairs Trading StrategyParameter IdentifiabilityPartial Autocorrelation FunctionPartition PruningPassive vs Aggressive Order StrategiesPayload FormatPegged OrdersPercentile ApproximationPortfolio OptimizationPortfolio Rebalancing AlgorithmsPosition Management SystemsPre-Trade Risk AnalyticsPre-trade Risk ChecksPredicate PushdownPredictive Maintenance AnalyticsPrincipal Component Analysis (PCA) for Portfolio RiskPrincipal Trading vs Agency TradingPrincipal Trading vs Riskless Principal TradingPrior DistributionProbability of Informed Trading (PIN) ModelsProtocol Buffers (Protobuf)
Q
R
Radial Basis Function KernelRaft ConsensusRead-after-write ConsistencyReal-time AnalyticsReal-Time Analytics DatabaseReal-time DashboardingReal-time Data IngestionReal-time Data VisualizationReal-Time Portfolio OptimizationReal-time Risk AssessmentReal-time Trade SurveillanceReinforcement Learning for Optimal Market ExecutionReinforcement Learning in Market MakingRelational DatabaseRepo Market Liquidity CrisisReservoir SamplingRisk Management in Swaps TradingRisk Parity Portfolio ConstructionRisk Reversal in Options TradingRisk Weighted Assets (RWA) Calculation in Basel IIIRisk-Adjusted Return for Fixed IncomeRisk-Neutral Measure in Derivative PricingRisk-Neutral MeasuresRolling Window AnalysisRollup TableRollups and Data Availability SolutionsRoot Mean Squared Error (RMSE)
S
Sampling ResolutionSchema EvolutionSchema on ReadSegmentation in Time- Series or Statistical AnalysisSensor FusionSentiment Analysis in Market ForecastingSettlement Finality in TradingShannon EntropyShapley Value in Financial Risk AttributionShardingSharpe Ratio vs Sortino RatioSignal SmoothingSimple Moving AverageSketch AlgorithmSliding WindowSlippageSlippage and Market Impact EstimationSmart Contract-Based LendingSmart Contracts in Market InfrastructureSmart Order Routing (SOR)Smoothing KernelSmoothing SplineSnapshot IsolationSovereign Bond Yield SpreadsSpectral Analysis for Market SignalsSpectral Clustering for Regime ChangesStaking Derivatives in DeFiState-space ModelStationarity TestStatistical Arbitrage (Stat Arb)Statistical Power Analysis in Backtesting ModelsStatistical Risk ModelsStochastic Differential Equations in FinanceStorage Engine (Glossary)Storage TieringStream ProcessingStreaming Time-Series IngestionStructured vs. Unstructured Time-Series DataSubquerySurvival Analysis in Default Risk EstimationSwap Pricing FormulasSynthetic Market Data GenerationSynthetic StablecoinsSystematic Arbitrage
T
Telemetry DataTemporal Data ModelingTemporal JoinTerm Structure of Interest Rates Vasicek CIR ModelsTest ErrorThe Great Guide to OHLC CandlesticksThread SchedulingTick DataTick Data Storage ArchitectureTime BucketingTime Series Data AnalysisTime Travel QueryTime-based PartitioningTime-range FilterTime-Series Compression AlgorithmsTime-series databaseTime-Series ETLTime-series HistogramTime-series IndexTime-Series MetricsTime-Synchronized Data StreamsTime-Weighted Average Price (TWAP)Timestamp AlignmentTimestamp PrecisionTimestamp Synchronization (PTP/NTP)Tombstone RecordTrade Crossing NetworksTrade Execution QualityTrade Lifecycle ManagementTrade Reconstruction RequirementsTrade SurveillanceTransaction Cost Analysis in High Frequency TradingTransaction Cost ModelingTransaction Latency AnalysisTransaction Reporting RequirementsTransaction TimestampingTransactional LogTransactional TableTrend ComponentTrend DetectionTrend-Following Algorithms